E-Posters-Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Symptom Assessment of Patients with Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS): A Systematic Review

Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Symptom Assessment of Patients with Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS): A Systematic Review - Thais Fontes de Magalhaes, MD, MSc

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Bladder pain syndrome (BPS) is a condition characterized by chronic bladder pain and lower urinary tract symptoms. Currently, there are no objective methods for diagnosing or assessing the response to treatment for BPS. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to identify potential biomarkers associated with BPS that could aid in its diagnosis and symptom assessment.<br /><br />A total of ten articles were included in the review. The findings revealed that several biomarkers were found to be increased in BPS urine samples compared to controls, including macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), nerve growth factor (NGF), endothelin-1 (Etio-S), antiproliferative factor (APF), and a combined methylhistamine/Il-6 model. In addition, glyceraldehyde was found to be increased in stool samples of BPS patients. Gene expression analysis in bladder tissue specimens identified increased expression of certain genes (ARID1A, ARF, CHAT, eNOS, GLI-1, iNOS, MCP-1, NGF, WNT-8A, WNT-10A), as well as increased nerve density and levels of IL-16, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1. On the other hand, some fecal bacteria, gene expression in bladder urothelium, and urinary MCP-3, G5P1, and HB-EGF were found to be decreased in BPS.<br /><br />However, it is worth noting that no biomarker was studied more than once, so a comprehensive analysis could not be performed. Only four articles reported the correlation between biomarkers and symptom scores. Therefore, further research is needed to validate these potential biomarkers and their clinical utility in diagnosing and assessing symptoms of BPS.<br /><br />In conclusion, this systematic review identified several potential biomarkers associated with BPS in urine, stool, and bladder tissue specimens. However, more research is required before these biomarkers can be utilized in clinical practice.

Keywords

Bladder pain syndrome

chronic bladder pain

lower urinary tract symptoms

diagnosis

symptom assessment

biomarkers

urine samples

stool samples

gene expression analysis

clinical utility