Develop an awareness of and an appreciation for the remarkable evolution related to female pelvic surgery prior to the 20th century. Become acquainted with the astonishing array of historical instruments intended for vesico-vaginal fistula repair, ovariotomy and hysterectomy.

1. Identify the surgical challenges faced by pioneering 19^th century gynecologists.
2. Identify requisites for consistently successful gynecologic surgery.
3. List the fundamental gynecologic surgeries successfully performed during the 19^th century.
4. Describe the era’s astonishing array of gynecologic instrumentation that defined 19^th century practitioners. 

Anthony P. Tizzano, MD, FACOG,

Dr. Anthony Tizzano is Director of Student and Learner Health at the Cleveland Clinic. He is a Clinical Professor of Surgery at Case Western Reserve University and Cleveland Clinic's Lerner College of Medicine and former Medical Director at Cleveland Clinic's Family Health and Surgery Center in Wooster, Ohio. He serves as President at the Cleveland Medical Library Association, Advisor to ACOG's Jacobs Library for the History of Obstetrics and Gynecology in America and Honorary Curator of the Dittrick Medical History Museum. He served as chief historical advisor for the PBS Civil War Medical Drama, Mercy Street.

Dr. Tizzano earned his BS, summa cum laude, from Slippery Rock University. He received his medical training at the Ohio State University and completed internship and residency in obstetrics and gynecology at Bethesda Hospital in Cincinnati.

Additionally, Dr. Tizzano has lectured widely and authored multiple articles and book chapters on contraception and history of obstetrics, gynecology, and pelvic surgery. An avid collector, he holds one of the most unique private collections of medical artifacts and medical books in the country. His extensive museum, while privately situated, makes a worthy contribution to the study of women's health history.